The impact of Max Stirner’s The Ego and Its Own (1844) 1) The Ego and Its Own (Leipzig, 1845). The German Ideology has rarely been considered in its entirety; its belated publication 1 and translation has obscured its contents. She later converted to Catholicism and died in 1902 in London. Later Marx tried to refute Stirner’s ideas, ironically calling him “Sankt Max” (“Saint Max”). A social contract was practically indispensable for a life in society, he said, and such a contract that did not bind the citizen to God and a sovereign ruler but only to his own conscience "would have been acceptable even to Max Stirner as a charter for his 'Union of the Free'." Stirner also believed that concepts of law, morality, and religion were only artificial constructs and should not be followed. Updates? I know it's related to his critique of the dialectic, but I'm having a hard time following. He was born in Bayreuth October 25th 1806, son of the lower-middle-class couple Albert Christian Heinrich Schmidt and his wife Sophia Eleonora. They married on December 12, 1837. Another find is "Ober die Verpflichtung der StaatsbUrger zu irgendeinem Re­ ligionsbekenntnis," which Dr. Mayer reprinted in the appendix to his essay (Unbe­ kanntes von Stirner) along with Gegenwort as a "Program of The Free" and likewise Acessórios; Fantasias; Mascará; how did max stirner die They argued … It is said that among the Hegelians, only Bruno Bauer attended his funeral. Max Stirner is the pseudonym of Johann Kaspar Schmidt (1806-1856). Yet as soon as Nietzsche's work began to reach a wider audience, the question of whether or not he owed a debt of influence to Stirner was raised. He enrolled in the University of Berlin when he was twenty and studied theology, philosophy, and philology. Stirner passed away on June 26, 1856, at the age of forty-nine in Berlin, Prussia. / Died: 26 June 1856: Max Stirner facts. Hippel's, a popular wine bar in Friedrichstraße, was a social hub of the Hegelians and was frequented by Marx and Engels, who were both followers of Feuerbach at the time. He is often seen as one of the forerunners of nihilism, existentialism, psychoanalytic theory, postmodernism, and anarchism, especially of individualist anarchism; After studying theology and philology in Berlin, Erlangen, and Königsberg, he returned to Berlin, where he spent practically the rest of his life. Max Stirner was twice married. Stirner was the only child of Albert Christian Heinrich Schmidt (1769–1807) and Sophia Elenora Reinlein (1778–1839). Stirner is a man of a single book, Der Einzige and sein Eigentum, and the whole of Stirner's productive period is contained in the years 1842-4. Omissions? ;) Bro. Part I: The Self versus Higher Causes 1. Seine Philosophie ist dunkel, gemein und hinterhältig. This work appeared in December of 1844, and press copies were available even earlier, as Moses Hess had read and forwarded his copy to Fredrich Engels no later than early November of 1844. His book made a significant impact on several readers and thinkers like Rudolf Steiner, Gustav Landauer, Carl Schmitt, and Jürgen Habermas. He died of an insect bite that got infected. He died of an insect bite that got infected. Max Stirner (the pseudonym of Johann Caspar Schmidt), German philosopher and writer, was born in 1806 in Bayreuth and died in 1856 in Berlin. Johann Kaspar Schmidt, popularly as Max Stirner, was a German philosopher and author who is remembered for his controversial book 'The Ego and Its Own'. Spouse/Ex-: Agnes Burtz (m. 1837–1838), Marie Dähnhardt (m. 1843–1846), See the events in life of Max Stirner in Chronological Order. When did Max Stirner die? Such a reading implies that Stirner drew the logical conclusions of Hegel’s philosophy, thereby ignoring the way his thought marks a fundamental break with the philosophical tradition as a whole. He criticized concepts like religion, state, and oppressive institutions that governed the lives of people. Stirner was born in Bayreuth, Bavaria, on October 25, 1806. It immensely influenced the political tradition of individualist anarchism. But if I die for X, I make the mistake of subordinating myself to a passion or moral principle, believing it to be in my interest to do so, and am therefore an involuntary egoist. His funeral was held at Friedhof II der Sophiengemeinde Berlin. Feuerbach was not a part of 'Die Freien,' even though he was involved in Young Hegelians’ discussions. Writing chiefly for working-class readers, he taught that all persons are capable of the self-awareness that would make them “egoists,” or true individuals. In his book, Stirner critiques the authoritarian system of the Prussian government and the entire modern western society. He wrote of a finite, empirical ego, which he saw as the motive force of every human action. Suppose we present Stirner with the following case. He is often regarded as a predecessor to Nietzsche. He contributed articles to the liberal periodical Rheinische Zeitung, which was in part edited by Karl Marx. Stirner in L'Homme Révolté, translated as The Rebel. WORKS BY STIRNER. It was a polemic against ideologies like liberalism and humanism (which he considered parallel to the concept of religion, with “Man” or humanity as supreme beings), nationalism, capitalism, statism, socialism, and communism. The ideas of post-left anarchy and unwavering faith in individualism were derived from Stirner's thoughts. In 1809, his mother remar… Max Stirner, pseudonym of Johann Kaspar Schmidt, (born October 25, 1806, Bayreuth, Bavaria [Germany]—died June 26, 1856, Berlin, Prussia), German antistatist philosopher in whose writings many anarchists of the late 19th and the 20th centuries found ideological inspiration.His thought is sometimes regarded as a source of 20th-century existentialism. He studied theology and philology at the universities of Berlin, Erlangen, and Königsberg. Max Stirner has often been considered a Young Hegelian, or even the ‘last Hegelian’. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He used to deal with self-consciousness. It had an immediate and damaging impact on the left-Hegelian movement and was essential in the intellectual development of Karl Marx. It may or may not be true that there are no extant photographs of Johann C. Schmidt, aka Max Stirner. His fatherdied when Stirner was only six months old, and he was brought up byhis mother (who subsequently remarried) and then later, when hismother mo… Stirner proposes that most commonly accepted social institutions—… I bet he even made up Marx! https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/max-stirner-8836.php, Top NBA Players With No Championship Rings. He rejected the concept and ideologies of religion and considered them empty and baseless. He is often considered the father of concepts like nihilism, existentialism, individualist anarchism, postmodernism, and psychoanalytic theory. By the turn of the century, the belief that Nietzsche had been influenced by Stirner was so widespread that it became something of a commonplace, at least in Germany, prompting one observer to note in 1907 that "Stirner's influence in modern Germany has as I choose to die rather than divulge, in exchange for my freedom, the whereabouts of person X who would then be killed by my captors. When did Max Stirner die? However, they were divorced in three years in 1846. As if he had foreseen the 20th century, Stirner’s discourse perceives the sort of battles that ravaged in the 20th century as the fights of collectivist ideologies to gain dominance over society by means of the state. assigned Stirner in his work-beside, not over the others-can only be an entirely false one. In his book, he challenged the expectations of the contemporary civilization. It is assumed that Max Stirner was more of a listener than a contributor during the discourses, but was a loyal member of the group. Max Stirner (1806–1856) is the author of Der Einzige und sein Eigenthum (1844). It was all his doing, a vile plot! His funeral was held at Friedhof II der Sophiengemeinde Berlin. His first wife was Agnes Burtz, who was the daughter of his landlady. His parents were Albert Christian Heinrich Schmidt and Sophia Elenora Reinlein. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Max-Stirner, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Max Stirner, Stirner, Max - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The Egoism of Higher Causes. Its most lengthy section, ‘Saint Max’, a detailed examination of Max Stirner’s book The Ego and his Own (Der Einzige und sein Eigentum), has been almost completely ignored. Max Stirner Quotes - Max Stirner was a philosopher of Germany. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. His philosophy provides a salutary antidote against collectivism of all sorts. After teaching in a girls’ preparatory school in Berlin, Stirner made a scanty living as a translator, preparing what became a standard German version of Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations. Stirner worked as a hack translator of Jean Baptiste Say and Adam Smith, but he was twice imprisoned for debt and died destitute in 1856. Henri Arvon also presented Stirner to post-war France in his Max Stirner, Aux Sources de l'Existentialisme. Came across a weird thread on /leftypol/ a while back where a user claimed that Max Stirner/Johann Caspar Schmidt was not a real person. Max Steiner was born on May 10, 1888, in Austria-Hungary, as the only child in a wealthy business and theatrical family of Jewish heritage. Skip to content. Stirner believed that there was no objective social reality independent of the individual; social classes, the state, the masses, and humanity are abstractions and therefore need not be considered seriously. The man whose theories would make a tabula rasa of civilization, was born at Bayreuth, October 25, 1806, and died at Berlin June 25, 1856. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Outside the individual nothing existed but … He was inspired by Hegel's lectures on the philosophy of religion, subjective spirit, and the history of philosophy. However, their marriage ended prematurely as she died the following year due to pregnancy-related complications. Max Stirner's birthplace in Bayreuth. He differentiated between the "willing" and "unwilling" egoists. His work was a critical analysis of Feuerbach and Bauer, and it was also against communists like Wilhelm Weitling and the anarchist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. Max Stirner was born as Johann Kaspar Schmidt on October 25, 1806, in Bayreuth, Bavaria. In 1809, his mother remarried a pharmacist named Heinrich Ballerstedt, and they moved to West Prussian Kulm (modern-day Chełmno, Poland). Stirner and Engels were well acquainted. Johann Schmidt (Max Stirner), the only child of Albert Schmidt (1769–1807) and Sophia Elenora Reinlein (1778–1839).was born in Bayreuth, Bavaria, on 25th October, 1806.His father died of tuberculosis the following year and his mother remarried Heinrich Ballerstedt. Unter der Willkürherrschaft des Nero litten die guten Römer. Max Stirner, whose real name was Johann Caspar Schmidt, was born on Oct. 25, 1806, in Bayreuth. It is said that among the Hegelians, only Bruno Bauer attended his funeral. He advocated a different approach to human existence and believed that he was "the unique one," a "creative nothing," that no language could ever adequately express or describe. An English translation was published in 2005. Stirner was born in Bayreuth, Bavaria. Feuerbach and Bauer broke from the Hegelian group and did not accept the dialectical methods applied by Hegel and other Young Hegelians. An English translation was published in 2005. He advocated individual autonomy and the idea of "egoism." Stirner would argue that this must be the case in my example. His right name was Johann Caspar Schmidt, Max Stirner being a nickname bestowed upon him by his lively comrades in Berlin … Max Stirner: a historiographical sketch. Max Stirner was a philosopher whose "name appears with familiar regularity in historically-orientated surveys of anarchist thought as one of the earliest and best-known exponents of individualist anarchism." Stier Has Been at Once Identified as Both a Reliable & Non-Partisan Witness & as … Stirner was born in Bayreuth, Bavaria, on October 25, 1806. [4] Since Karl Marx had excoriated Stirner at fulsome length in Die Deutsche Ideologie, written in 1846, modern Marxists took up the refrain, notably in Hans Helms' imposing After university, Max Stirner obtained a teaching certificate and returned to Berlin, but was unable to secure a full-time teaching position under the Prussian government. He was particularly keen to attend lectures by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, who significantly influenced his thinking and ideas. Max Stirner's major work "'he Ego and Its Own" was published in October 1844. He was working as a teacher in a school for young girls owned by Madame Gropius when his masterpiece 'The Ego and Its Own' was published. Max Stirner kann gut und gerne als der Vater des modernen Egoismus betrachtet werden. He was a member of an intellectual group 'Die Freien', where he was introduced to several philosophers and thinkers of the century. Max Stirner's birthplace in Bayreuth. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Max_Stirner_Skizze.png. Lewensloop. Lewensloop. SUPPLEMENTARY BIBLIOGRAPHY. Choose whichever idea pleases you. Doch keiner wagte es, den Tyrannen zu ermorden, denn ein Mord ist ja etwas Unsittliches. As early as 1891, Eduard von Hartmann went so far as to suggest that he had plagiarized Stirner. He explored his arguments in depth and aimed his critique at his contemporaries like Ludwig Feuerbach and Bruno Bauer. He said that the unwilling egoist was unaware of the fact they were eventually fulfilling their desires by trying to be exalted or looking for a higher cause. Abstract. Corrections? Stirner was born Johann Caspar Schmidt on 25 October 1806, the onlychild of lower middle class Lutheran parents living in Bayreuth.“Stirner” was originally a nickname, resulting from alarge forehead, exaggerated by the way he pushed back his hair, andonly later — in the form of “Max Stirner” —adopted as a literary pseudonym and his preferred name. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Deleuze's Critique of Max Stirner I'm reading through Deleuze's book on Nietzsche, and I'm having a hard time understanding his criticism of Stirner. This book is usually known as The Ego and Its Own in English, but a more literal translation would be The Unique Individual and their Property).Both the form and content of Stirner’s major work are disconcerting. The man whose theories would make a tabula rasa of civilization, was born at Bayreuth, October 25, 1806, and died at Berlin June 25, 1856. He was born in Bayreuth October 25th 1806, son of the lower-middle-class couple Albert Christian Heinrich Schmidt and his wife Sophia Eleonora. Each of the collectivist movements prom… Max Stirner, pseudonym of Johann Kaspar Schmidt, (born October 25, 1806, Bayreuth, Bavaria [Germany]—died June 26, 1856, Berlin, Prussia), German antistatist philosopher in whose writings many anarchists of the late 19th and the 20th centuries found ideological inspiration. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The best-known philosophers of the 19th century like Karl Marx, Bruno Bauer, Friedrich Engels, and Arnold Ruge were associated with his group. Max Stirner’s ideasare relevant for our present day, when the tides of collectivist thinking are rising again. Either stirner had body and breath and died or he was ghostwritten. His father died of tuberculosison 19 April 1807 at the age of 37. Being a teacher and not immediately connected with the university Stirner did not come into contact with the Young Hegelians … However, he was a proponent of individualism and thought it was irrational not to pursue one's self-interest and thus can be regarded as a rational egoist. Principal; A Empresa; Produtos. He is often seen as one of the forerunners of nihilism, existentialism, psychoanalytic theory, postmodernism, and anarchism, especially of individualist anarchism; He later attended the University of Erlangen in the same period as Ludwig Feuerbach. Only then one could be truly free as one's own "creature" (in the sense of creation) and "creator" (removing the role assigned to gods). Stirner’s masterpiece from 1845 (the English translation from German of Der Einzige und sein Eigenthum is The Ego and His Own) forms an integral part of the canon of anarchist writings.. Anti-collectivism. Abstract. In 1844, his The Ego and Its Own (Der Einzige und sein Eigentum which may literally be translated as The Unique Individual and His Property) was published, which is considered to be "a founding text in the tradition of individualist anarchism." Stirner with the following case let us know if you have any questions that got infected ermorden. Thinking and ideas, their marriage ended prematurely as she died the following due... Proposes that most commonly accepted social institutions—… Max Stirner has often been considered a Hegelian! Philosophers and thinkers of the century away on June 26, 1856 theology, philosophy, and philology the! 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